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Though Postgres
provides unblocking read/write access to table
data, unblocked read/write access is not provided for every
index access methods implemented
in Postgres.
The various index types are handled as follows:
GiST and R-Tree indices
Share/exclusive index-level locks are used for read/write access.
Locks are released after statement is done.
Hash indices
Share/exclusive page-level locks are used for read/write access.
Locks are released after page is processed.
Page-level locks produces better concurrency than index-level ones
but are subject to deadlocks.
Btree
Short-term share/exclusive page-level latches are used for
read/write access. Latches are released immediately after the index
tuple is inserted/fetched.
Btree indices provide the highest concurrency without deadlock
conditions.
